Research
The black cumin
seed has been around for a long time… and we mean a really long time. For more
than 3000 years, society has raved about its wide range of healing abilities
that were recognized by everyone from the Egyptians to
Mohammed.
It’s no wonder that
the founder of Islam regarded this amazing little seed as the most powerful
healing substance available!
We’ve only tapped
the surface of the shell of benefits encapsulating this amazing seed. Modern
science is just now realizing the complex host of antioxidants and positive
organic compounds that make this little seed such a nutritional powerhouse. In
fact, scientists have found concentrations of a host of active plant sterols
including the antitumor sterol,
beta-sitosterol.
Besides all those
hard-to-pronounce ingredients, research also shows that black cumin seeds are
loaded with Omega-3 and Omega-6 essential fatty acids (yes, this fat is good
for you), which are known for supporting and repairing cell
membranes.
But most
importantly, Rain International is able to extract all the good stuff from
botanical black cumin seeds without harming them in the process. Our cold-press
process extracts all the nutrient rich oils and flours intact so you can get all
the benefits. Many other companies use harsh chemical solvents and high
temperatures to obtain less-than-effective ingredients from their organic
products. Because of that, Rain International takes great care in ensuring that
our extraction process is certified organic and chemical
free.
Cold-pressed black
raspberry seeds and oil were analyzed for their fatty acid contents and
antioxidant properties. The oil contained about 35%α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3)
and 55% to 58% linoleic acid. They exhibited strong free radical scavenging
activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and
2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS’+)
radicals and had a total phenolic content (TPC) of 46 mg gallic acid
equivalent/g meal. The ABTS+ scavenging capacity and TPC of the meal were 300
and 290 times greater than that of the oil. In addition, the oil stability
iodine value, and color were examined. The results from this study suggest the
possible food application of black raspberry seed and its fractions in
improving human nutrition and potential value-adding opportunities in black
raspberry production and processing.
Additional
Research
Research on Black
Seed is numerous and very wide. Many research papers, references and published
reports could be found in large number of data bases. To name a few databases
where Black Seed research data is available :- Agricola, Medliner, Napralert
etc., For more information you may visit these sites directly. Given below are
some of the research data widely
available.
Abdel, F. A. F. M.,
K. Matsumoto, et al. (2000). Antinociceptive effects of Nigella sativa oil and
its major component, thymoquinone, in mice. European Journal of Pharmacology.
[print] 400(1): 89-97. {a} Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural
Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama,
930-0194, Japan
Akova, A. and G.
Ustun (2000). Activity and adsorption of lipase from Nigella sativa seeds on
Celite at different pH values. Biotechnology Letters. March 22(5): 355-359. {a}
Chemical Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, 80626, Maslak,
Istanbul, Turkey
Badary, O. A., N.
A. B. Abdel, et al. (2000). The influence of thymoquinone on doxorubicin-induced
hyperlipidemic nephropathy in rats. Toxicology . march 143(3): 219-226. {a}
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
El, D. M., M.
Barakat, et al. (2000). Effects of Nigella sativa oil on gastric secretion and
ethanol induced ulcer in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. [print] September
72(1-2): 299-304. {a} Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine,
Alexandria University, Alexandria,
Egypt
El, D. M., N. I.
Mady, et al. (2000). Nigella sativa L. oil protects against induced
hepatotoxicity and improves serum lipid profile in rats. Arzneimittel Forschung.
[print] Sept 50(9): 832-836. {a} Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
and Drug Toxicology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521,
Egypt
Morsi, N. M.
(2000). Antimicrobial effect of crude extracts of Nigella sativa on multiple
antibiotics-resistant bacteria. Acta Microbiologica Polonica. [print] 49(1):
63-74. {a} Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo,
Egypt
Salem, M. L. and M.
S. Hossain (2000). Protective effect of Black Seed oil from Nigella sativa
against murine cytomegalovirus infection. International Journal of
Immunopharmacology. [print] September 22(9): 729-740. {a} Zoology Department,
Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta,
Egypt
Swamy, S. M. K. and
B. K. H. Tan (2000). Cytotoxic and immunopotentiating effects of ethanolic
extract of Nigella sativa L. seeds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. April 70(1):
1-7. {a} Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National University
of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore, 119260,
Singapore
Zaoui, A., Y.
Cherrah, et al. (2000). Diuretic and hypotensive effects of Nigella sativa on
the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Therapie London. [print] Mai Juin 55(3):
379-382. {a} Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Faculte de Medecine
et Pharmacie de Rabat, Universite Med V, Rabat,
Morocco
Badary, O. A.
(1999). Thymoquinone attenuates ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome in rats and
enhances its antitumor activity in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Nov.
67(2): 135-142. {a} Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al Azhar
University, Cairo, Egypt
Bhutada, S. G.
(1999). Effect of herbal antistressor AV/ASE/14 and galactagogue Payapro on
milk production in buffaloes during summer. Indian Veterinary Medical Journal.
June 23(2): 135-136. {a} Sawargaon (P),Tq. Mukhed, Dist. Nanded, 431 716
(M.S.), India
Bourarach, K., S.
Hannin, et al. (1999). Insecticidal activity of Smyrnium olusatrum, Nigella
sativa and Piper nigrum against Rizopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae.
Revue de Medecines et Pharmacopees Africaines. [print] 13: 1-9. {a} Departement
de Zoologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, Rabat-Instituts,
Rabat, Morocco
Ghosheh, O. A., A.
A. Houdi, et al. (1999). High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the
pharmacologically active quinones and related compounds in the oil of the Black
Seed (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis.
April 19(5): 757-762. {a} Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of
Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536,
USA
Khan, M. A. (1999).
Chemical composition and medicinal properties of Nigella sativa Linn.
Inflammopharmacology 7(1): 15-35. {a} Division of Chemistry, School of Science,
Sheffield Hallam University, Pond Street, Sheffield, S11WB,
UK
Mehta, B. K., N.
Singh, et al. (1999). Anti-implantation activity in Artabotrys odoratissimus
leaf and Nigella sativa seed extracts. Biological Memoirs. June 25(1): 38-39.
{a} School of Studies in Chemistry, Vikram University, Ujjain, 456 010,
India
Mitra, P. K. and G.
Bhowmik (1999). Estimation of mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of
physical and chemical mutagens in Nigella sativa L. Advances in Plant Sciences.
Dec. 12(2): 373-378. {a} Dept. of Botany, North Lakhimpur College, North
Lakhimpur, AS, 787031, India
Mouhajir, F., J. A.
Pedersen, et al. (1999). Antimicrobial thymohydroquinones of Moroccan Nigella
sativa seeds detected by electron spin resonance. Pharmaceutical Biology. Dec.
37(5): 391-395. {a} Botany Department, U.B.C., Vancouver, V6T 1Z4,
Canada
Nagi, M. N., K.
Alam, et al. (1999). Thymoquinone protects against carbon tetrachloride
hepatotoxicity in mice via an antioxidant mechanism. Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology International 47(1): 153-159. {a} Department of Pharmacology, College
of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi
Arabia
Al, G. A. M. A.
(1998). Amino acid composition and biological effects of supplementing broad
bean and corn proteins with Nigella sativa (black cumin) cake protein. Nahrung
42(5): 290-294. {a} Zagazig Univ., Fac. Agric., Biochem. Dep., ET-Zagazig,
Egypt
Badary, O. A., S.
O. A. Al, et al. (1998). Acute and subchronic toxicity of thymoquinone in mice.
Drug Development Research 44(2-3): 56-61. {a} Dep. Pharmacology, Coll.
Pharmacy, King Saud Univ., P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi
Arabia
Daba, M. H. and R.
M. S. Abdel (1998). Hepatoprotective activity of thymoquinone in isolated rat
hepatocytes. Toxicology Letters Shannon 95(1): 23-29. {a} Univ. Med. Dent. New
Jersey, New Jersey Med. Sch., Room I-655, 185 S. Orange Ave., Newark, NJ
07103-2714, USA
El, K. H. H., A. H.
Ahmed, et al. (1998). Antibacterial properties of essential oils from Nigella
sativa seeds, Cymbopogon citratus leaves and Pulicaria undulata aerial parts.
Fitoterapia 69(1): 77-78. {a} Dep. Bot., Fac. Sci., Omdurman Islamic Univ.,
P.O. Box 382, Omdurman, Sudan
El, N., L. Dandik,
et al. (1998). Solvent-free glycerolysis catalyzed by acetone powder of Nigella
sativa seed lipase. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 75(9):
1207-1211. {a} Istanbul Technical Univ., Fac. Chem.-Metallurgy, Chemical Eng.
Dep., 80626 Maslak-Istanbul, Turkey
Rang, S. and A. K.
Datta (1998). A male sterile mutant with desynaptic behaviour of chromosomes in
Nigella sativa L. Journal of Phytological Research 11(2): 91-94. {a} Botany
Department, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741 235,
India
Takruri, H. R. H.
and M. A. F. Dameh (1998). Study of the nutritional value of black cumin seeds
(Nigella sativa L.). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 76(3):
404-410. {a} Dep. Nutr. Food Technol., Fac. Agric., Univ. Jordan, Amman,
Jordan
Worthern, D. R., O.
A. Ghosheh, et al. (1998). The in vitro anti-tumor activity of some crude and
purified components of blackseed, Nigella sativa L. Anticancer Research 18(3a):
1527-1532. {a} Div. Med. Chem. Pharm., Coll. Pharm., University Ky., Rose St.,
Lexington, KY 40536, USA
Youssef, A. A., M.
R. Rady, et al. (1998). Growth and some primary products in callus cultures of
Nigella sativa as influenced by various cultural conditions and salt stress.
Fitoterapia 69(4): 329-336. {a} Hortic. Dep., Natl. Res. Cent., El-Tahrir St.,
P.O. Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Al, O. S. Y., N. M.
Ammar, et al. (1997). Studies of some biochemical, nutritional and
anti-inflammatory effects of Nigella sativa seeds. Egyptian Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences 38(4-6): 451-469. {a} Food Sciences and Nutrition
Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo,
Egypt
El, M. M. M., G. A.
M. Abdel, et al. (1997). Prevention of skin tumors induced by
7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in mice by Black Seed oil. Oncology Reports
4(1): 139-141. {a} Dep. Zool., Fac. Sci., Univ. Alexandria, Alexandria,
Egypt
Hussain, H. and R.
S. Tobji (1997). Antibacterial screening of some Libyan medicinal plants.
Fitoterapia 68(5): 467-470. {a} Chem. Dep., Coll. Sci., Univ. Mu’tah, Mu’tah,
Alkarak, P.O. Box 7, Jordan
Merfort, I., V.
Wray, et al. (1997). Flavonol triglycosides from seeds of Nigella sativa.
Phytochemistry Oxford 46(2): 359-363. {a} Inst. Pharmazeutische Biol.,
Albert-Ludwigs-Univ. Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg,
Germany
Akhtar, A. H., K.
D. Ahmad, et al. (1996). Antiulcer effects of aqueous extracts of Nigella sativa
and Pongamia pinnata in rats. Fitoterapia 67(3): 195-199. {a} P.C.S.I.R.
Laboratories, Peshawar, Pakistan
Aqel, M. and R.
Shaheen (1996). Effects of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds on the
uterine smooth muscle of rat and guinea pig. Journal of Ethnopharmacology
52(1): 23-26. {a} College Med., University Jordan, Amman,
Jordan
Bashandy, S. A. E.
(1996). Effect of Nigella sativa oil on liver and kidney functions of adult and
senile rats. Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 37(1-6): 313-327.
Pharmacol. Dep., Natl. Res. Cent., Cairo,
Egypt
Dandik, L. and H.
A. Aksoy (1996). Applications of Nigella sativa seed lipase in oleochemical
reactions. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 19(4): 277-281. {a} Dep. Chem. Eng.,
Istanbul Technical Univ., Fac. Chem. and Metallurgy, 80626 Maslak, Istanbul,
Turkey
El, S. O. A. and S.
A. Nada (1996). Biological evaluation of multicomponent tea used as
hypoglycemic in rats. Fitoterapia 67(2): 99-102. Dep. Pharmacol., National
Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Abou, B. L. I., M.
S. Rashed, et al. (1995). TLC assay of thymoquinone in Black Seed oil (Nigella
sativa Linn) and identification of dithymoquinone and thymol. Journal of Liquid
Chromatography 18(1): 105-115. {a} Bioanalytical and Drug Dev. Lab., Biol. and
Med. Res. Dep., King Faisal Specialist Hosp. and Res. Centre, P.O. Box 3354,
Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
Aboul, E. H. Y. and
B. L. I. Abou (1995). Simple HPLC method for the determination of thymoquinone
in Black Seed oil (Nigella sativa Linn). Journal of Liquid Chromatography
18(5): 895-902. {a} Bioanal. Drug Dev. Lab., Biol. Med. Res. Dep., King Faisal
Specialist Hosp. Res. Cent., PO Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi
Arabia
Atta, U. R. S. M.,
S. S. Hasan, et al. (1995). Nigellidine: A new indazole alkaloid from the seeds
of Nigella sativa. Tetrahedron Letters 36(12): 1993-1996. {a} H. E. J. Res.
Inst. Chem., Univ. Karachi, Karachi-75270,
Pakistan
Hailat, N., Z.
Bataineh, et al. (1995). Effect of Nigella sativa Volatile Oil on Jurkat T Cell
Leukemia Polypeptides. International Journal of Pharmacognosy 33(1): 16-20. {a}
Clin. Vet. Sci., Fac. Vet. Med., Jordan Univ. Sci. Technol., Irbid,
Jordan
Haq, A., M.
Abdullatif, et al. (1995). Nigella sativa: Effect on human lymphocytes and
polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytic activity. Immunopharmacology 30(2):
147-155. {a} Dep. Biol. Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, P.O. Box
3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
Houghton, P. J., R.
Zarka, et al. (1995). Fixed oil of Nigella sativa and derived thymoquinone
inhibit eicosanoid generation in leukocytes and membrane lipid peroxidation.
Planta Medica 61(1): 33-36. {a} Pharmocognosy Res. Lab., Dep. Pharmacy, King’s
Coll. London, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX,
UK
Keshri, G., M. M.
Singh, et al. (1995). Post-Coital Contraceptive Efficacy Of The Seeds Of
Nigella sativa In Rats. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 39(1):
59-62. {a} Div. Endocrinol., Central Drug Res. Inst., Lucknow 227 001,
India
Mert, S., L.
Dandik, et al. (1995). Production of glycerides from glycerol and fatty acids by
native lipase of Nigella sativa seed. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
50(3): 333-342. {a} Istanbul Tech. Univ., Fac. Chem.-Metallurgy, Chem. Eng.
Dep., 80626 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
Al, H. A., M. Aqel,
et al. (1993). Hypoglycemic effects of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa
seeds. International Journal of Pharmacognosy 31(2): 96-100. {a} Dep. Physiol.,
Fac. Med., Jordan Univ. Sci. and Technol., P.O. Box 3030, Irbid,
Jordan
Aqel, M. B. (1993).
Effects of Nigella sativa seeds on intestinal smooth muscle. International
Journal of Pharmacognosy 31(1): 55-60. Coll. Med., Univ. Jordan, Amman,
Jordan
Barjat, H., P. S.
Belton, et al. (1993). Rapid scan correlation NMR spectroscopy for food
analysis. Food Chemistry 48(3): 307-312. {a} AFRC Inst. Food Res., Norwich
Lab., Norwich Res. Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA,
UK
Bhakare, H. A., A.
S. Kulkarni, et al. (1993). Lipid composition of some seeds of central India.
Journal of Food Science and Technology 30(1): 54-55. {a} Dep. Oil Technology,
Laxminarayan Inst. Technology, Nagpur Univ., Nagpur-440 010,
India
Dandik, L., G.
Arioglu, et al. (1993). The enzymatic hydrolysis of used frying oil by native
lipase. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 42(2-3): 119-126. {a} Istanbul
Technical Univ., Fac. Chem.-Metallurgy, Chem. Eng. Dep., 80626 Maslak,
Istanbul, Turkey
El, T. K. E. H., M.
M. S. Ashour, et al. (1993). The respiratory effects of the volatile oil of the
Black Seed (Nigella sativa) in guinea pigs: Elucidation of the mechanism(s) of
action. General Pharmacology 24(5): 1115-1122. {a} Dep. Pharmacol., College
Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi
Arabia
El, T. K. E. H., M.
M. S. Ashour, et al. (1993). The cardiovascular actions of the volatile oil of
the Black Seed (Nigella sativa) in rats: Elucidation of the mechanism of
action. General Pharmacology 24(5): 1123-1131. {a} Dep. Pharmacol., College
Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi
Arabia
Grover, G. J., S.
Dzwonczyk, et al. (1993). The endothelin-1 receptor antagonist BQ-123 reduces
infarct size in a canine model of coronary occlusion and reperfusion.
Cardiovascular Research 27(9): 1613-1618. {a} Dep. Pharmacol., Bristol-Myers
Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Inst., P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000,
USA
Kasonia, K., M.
Ansay, et al. (1993). Plants used in ethnomedicine for asthma in Kivu (Zaire).
Belgian Journal of Botany 126(1): 20-28. {a} Universite Lubumbashi,
l’Universite Liege, Fac. Medecine Veterinaire, Pharmacologie Toxicologie, B-41
Bld. de Colonster, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liege,
Belgique
Khanna, T., F. A.
Zaidi, et al. (1993). CNS and analgesic studies on Nigella sativa. Fitoterapia
64(5): 407-410. Dep. Pharmacology, Faculty Science, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard
Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
Mohiuddin, S., R.
A. Qureshi, et al. (1993). Laboratory evaluation of some vegetable oils as
protectants of stored products. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial
Research 36(9): 377-379. PCSIR Lab. Complex, Karachi-75280,
Pakistan
Nergiz, C. and S.
Otles (1993). Chemical composition of Nigella sativa L. seeds. Food Chemistry
48(3): 259-261. Food Eng. Dep., Eng. Fac., Ege Univ., 35100 Bornova, Izmir,
Turkey
Ramage, L., A. L.
Blair, et al. (1993). Effect of salmeterol on polymorphonuclear leukocyte
(PMNL) chemiluminescence in vitro. Journal of Bioluminescence and
Chemiluminescence 8(5): 247-252. {a} Dep. Pathol, Univ. Dundee, Ninewells Hosp.
Med. Sch., Dundee, DD1 9SY, Scotland
Watanabe, K., S.
Yano, et al. (1993). Comparative effects of cimetidine and famotidine on the
vagally stimulated acid secretion in the isolated mouse whole stomach. Japanese
Journal of Pharmacology 61(3): 229-236. {a} Lab. Chem. Pharmacol., Dep. Drug
Eval. Toxicol. Sci., Fac. Pharm. Sci., Chiba Univ., 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku,
Chiba 263, Japan
Al, J. M. S.
(1992). Chemical composition and microflora of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.)
seeds growing in Saudi Arabia. Food Chemistry 45(4):
239-242.
Dandik, L. and H.
A. Aksoy (1992). The kinetics of hydrolysis of Nigella sativa (black cumin) seed
oil catalyzed by native lipase in ground seed. Journal of the American Oil
Chemists’ Society 69(12): 1239-1241. {a} Istanbul Technical Univ., Fac.
Chemistry-Metallurgy, Chemical Eng. Dep., 80626 Maslak-Istanbul,
Turkey
Rahman, A. U., S.
Malik, et al. (1992). Nigellimine: A new isoquinoline alkaloid from the seeds
of Nigella sativa. Journal Of Natural Products 55(5):
676-678
Salomi, N. J., S.
C. Nair, et al. (1992). Antitumour principles from Nigella sativa seeds. Cancer
Letters 63(1): 41-46.
Tennekoon, K. H.,
S. Jeevathayaparan, et al. (1992). Evaluation of possible galactagogue activity
of a selected group of Sri Lankan medicinal plants. Journal of the National
Science Council of Sri Lanka 20(1): 33-41. {a} Dep. Physiol., Fac. Med., Univ.
Colombo, Colombo
Vohora, S. B. and
P. C. Dandiya (1992). Herbal analgesic drugs. Fitoterapia 63(3):
195-207.
Akhtar, M. S. and
I. Javed (1991). Efficacy of Nigella sativa Linn. seeds against Moniezia
infection in sheep. Indian Veterinary Journal 68(8):
726-729.
Das, J. L., A. K.
Dutta, et al. (1991). PH dependence of protease (S?) and amylase activity and
amylase isozymes in control and mutant lines of Nigella sativa L. Bangladesh
Journal Of Botany 20(2): 117-124.
Hanafy, M. S. M.
and M. E. Hatem (1991). Studies on the antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa
seed (black cumin). Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 34(2-3):
275-278.
Nair, S. C., M. J.
Salomi, et al. (1991). Modulatory effects of Crocus sativus and Nigella sativa
extracts on cisplatin-induced toxicity in mice. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology
31(1): 75-84.
Tennekoon, K. H.,
S. Jeevathayaparan, et al. (1991). Possible hepatotoxicity of Nigella sativa
seeds and Dregea volubilis leaves. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 31(3):
283-290.
Agarwal, C., A.
Narula, et al. (1990). Effect of seeds of “kalaunji” (Nigella sativa L.) on the
fertility and sialic acid content of the reproductive organs of the male rat.
Geobios 17(5-6): 269-272.
Siddiqui, T. O., H.
A. Kan, et al. (1990). Probable role of trace elements of some medicinal plants
in cardiovascular diseases. Acta Manilana 38:
19-24.
Ustun, G., L. Kent,
et al. (1990). Investigation of the technological properties of Nigella sativa
(black cumin) seed oil. Journal Of The American Oil Chemists’ Society 67(12):
958-960.
Akgul, A. (1989).
Antimicrobial activity of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) essential oil. Gazi
Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi 6(1):
63-68.
Hasan, C. M., M.
Ahsan, et al. (1989). In vitro antibacterial screening of the oils of Nigella
sativa seeds. Bangladesh Journal Of Botany 18(2):
171-174.
Islam, S. K. N., M.
Ahsan, et al. (1989). Antifungal activities of the oils of Nigella sativa
seeds. Pakistan Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2(1):
25-28.
Kumar, B. H. and S.
S. Thakur (1989). Effect of certain non-edible seed oils on growth regulation
in Dysdercus similis (F). Journal Of Animal Morphology And Physiology 36(2):
209-218.
Ansari, A. A., S.
Hassan, et al. (1988). Structural studies on a saponin isolated from Nigella
sativa. Phytochemistry 27(12):
3977-3979.
Siddiqui, M. B., M.
M. Alam, et al. (1988). Ethno-medical study of plants used for terminating
pregnancy. Fitoterapia 59(3): 250-252.
Al, A. F. M. and K.
Gumaa (1987). Studies on the activity of individual plants of an antidiabetic
plant mixture. Acta Diabetologica Latina 24(1):
37-42.
Datta, A. K., J. L.
Das, et al. (1987). Electrophoretic characterization and evaluation of proteins
in control and mutant lines of Nigella sativa L. Cytologia 52(2):
317-322.
Menounos, P., K.
Staphylakis, et al. (1986). The sterols of Nigella sativa seed oil.
Phytochemistry 25(3): 761-763.
Saxena, A. P. and
K. M. Vyas (1986). Antimicrobial activity of seeds of some ethnomedicinal
plants. Journal Of Economic And Taxonomic Botany 8(2):
291-300.
Atta, U. R., S.
Malik, et al. (1985). Nigellimine-N-oxide: A new isoquinoline alkaloid from the
seeds of Nigella sativa. Heterocycles 23(4):
953-956.
Corneanu, G. C., V.
D. Simeanu, et al. (1985). Chorologic, karyologic and anatomical studies on
Nigella genus (family Ranunculaceae) in Romania. Revue Roumaine De Biologie
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89-100.
Datta, A. K. and A.
K. Biswas (1985). Induced mutagenesis in Nigella sativa. Cytologia 50(3):
545-562.
Namba, T., M.
Tsunezuka, et al. (1985). Studies on dental caries prevention by traditional
medicines: Part VII. Screening of ayurvedic medicines for anti-plaque action.
Shoyakugaku Zasshi 39(2): 146-153.
Datta, A. K. and A.
K. Biswas (1984). Cytomixis and a trisomic in Nigella sativa. Cytologia 49(2):
437-446.
Datta, A. K., A. K.
Biswas, et al. (1983). Chromosomal variations in callus tissues of 2 species of
Nigella. Nucleus 26(3): 173-177.
Singh, R. P.
(1983). Search for antifeedants in some botanicals for desert locust,
Schistocerca gregaria. Zeitschrift Fuer Angewandte Entomologie 96(3):
316-319.
Aqel, M. B. The
relaxing effect of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds on vascular smooth
muscle. Dirasat Series B Pure and Applied Sciences 19(2): 91-100. Dep. Anatomy,
Fac. Med., Univ. Jordan,, Amman,
Jordan
Aqel, M. B. The
calcium antagonistic effect of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds.
Dirasat Series B Pure and Applied Sciences 19(1): 119-133. Dep. Anat., Fac.
Med., Anat./Smooth Muscles, Univ. Aiwa,
USA
The black cumin
seed has been around for a long time… and we mean a really long time. For more
than 3000 years, society has raved about its wide range of healing abilities
that were recognized by everyone from the Egyptians to
Mohammed.
It’s no wonder that
the founder of Islam regarded this amazing little seed as the most powerful
healing substance available!
We’ve only tapped
the surface of the shell of benefits encapsulating this amazing seed. Modern
science is just now realizing the complex host of antioxidants and positive
organic compounds that make this little seed such a nutritional powerhouse. In
fact, scientists have found concentrations of a host of active plant sterols
including the antitumor sterol,
beta-sitosterol.
Besides all those
hard-to-pronounce ingredients, research also shows that black cumin seeds are
loaded with Omega-3 and Omega-6 essential fatty acids (yes, this fat is good
for you), which are known for supporting and repairing cell
membranes.
But most
importantly, Rain International is able to extract all the good stuff from
botanical black cumin seeds without harming them in the process. Our cold-press
process extracts all the nutrient rich oils and flours intact so you can get all
the benefits. Many other companies use harsh chemical solvents and high
temperatures to obtain less-than-effective ingredients from their organic
products. Because of that, Rain International takes great care in ensuring that
our extraction process is certified organic and chemical
free.
Cold-pressed black
raspberry seeds and oil were analyzed for their fatty acid contents and
antioxidant properties. The oil contained about 35%α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3)
and 55% to 58% linoleic acid. They exhibited strong free radical scavenging
activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and
2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS’+)
radicals and had a total phenolic content (TPC) of 46 mg gallic acid
equivalent/g meal. The ABTS+ scavenging capacity and TPC of the meal were 300
and 290 times greater than that of the oil. In addition, the oil stability
iodine value, and color were examined. The results from this study suggest the
possible food application of black raspberry seed and its fractions in
improving human nutrition and potential value-adding opportunities in black
raspberry production and processing.
Additional
Research
Research on Black
Seed is numerous and very wide. Many research papers, references and published
reports could be found in large number of data bases. To name a few databases
where Black Seed research data is available :- Agricola, Medliner, Napralert
etc., For more information you may visit these sites directly. Given below are
some of the research data widely
available.
Abdel, F. A. F. M.,
K. Matsumoto, et al. (2000). Antinociceptive effects of Nigella sativa oil and
its major component, thymoquinone, in mice. European Journal of Pharmacology.
[print] 400(1): 89-97. {a} Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural
Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama,
930-0194, Japan
Akova, A. and G.
Ustun (2000). Activity and adsorption of lipase from Nigella sativa seeds on
Celite at different pH values. Biotechnology Letters. March 22(5): 355-359. {a}
Chemical Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, 80626, Maslak,
Istanbul, Turkey
Badary, O. A., N.
A. B. Abdel, et al. (2000). The influence of thymoquinone on doxorubicin-induced
hyperlipidemic nephropathy in rats. Toxicology . march 143(3): 219-226. {a}
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
El, D. M., M.
Barakat, et al. (2000). Effects of Nigella sativa oil on gastric secretion and
ethanol induced ulcer in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. [print] September
72(1-2): 299-304. {a} Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine,
Alexandria University, Alexandria,
Egypt
El, D. M., N. I.
Mady, et al. (2000). Nigella sativa L. oil protects against induced
hepatotoxicity and improves serum lipid profile in rats. Arzneimittel Forschung.
[print] Sept 50(9): 832-836. {a} Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
and Drug Toxicology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521,
Egypt
Morsi, N. M.
(2000). Antimicrobial effect of crude extracts of Nigella sativa on multiple
antibiotics-resistant bacteria. Acta Microbiologica Polonica. [print] 49(1):
63-74. {a} Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo,
Egypt
Salem, M. L. and M.
S. Hossain (2000). Protective effect of Black Seed oil from Nigella sativa
against murine cytomegalovirus infection. International Journal of
Immunopharmacology. [print] September 22(9): 729-740. {a} Zoology Department,
Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta,
Egypt
Swamy, S. M. K. and
B. K. H. Tan (2000). Cytotoxic and immunopotentiating effects of ethanolic
extract of Nigella sativa L. seeds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. April 70(1):
1-7. {a} Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National University
of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore, 119260,
Singapore
Zaoui, A., Y.
Cherrah, et al. (2000). Diuretic and hypotensive effects of Nigella sativa on
the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Therapie London. [print] Mai Juin 55(3):
379-382. {a} Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Faculte de Medecine
et Pharmacie de Rabat, Universite Med V, Rabat,
Morocco
Badary, O. A.
(1999). Thymoquinone attenuates ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome in rats and
enhances its antitumor activity in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Nov.
67(2): 135-142. {a} Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al Azhar
University, Cairo, Egypt
Bhutada, S. G.
(1999). Effect of herbal antistressor AV/ASE/14 and galactagogue Payapro on
milk production in buffaloes during summer. Indian Veterinary Medical Journal.
June 23(2): 135-136. {a} Sawargaon (P),Tq. Mukhed, Dist. Nanded, 431 716
(M.S.), India
Bourarach, K., S.
Hannin, et al. (1999). Insecticidal activity of Smyrnium olusatrum, Nigella
sativa and Piper nigrum against Rizopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae.
Revue de Medecines et Pharmacopees Africaines. [print] 13: 1-9. {a} Departement
de Zoologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, Rabat-Instituts,
Rabat, Morocco
Ghosheh, O. A., A.
A. Houdi, et al. (1999). High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the
pharmacologically active quinones and related compounds in the oil of the Black
Seed (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis.
April 19(5): 757-762. {a} Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of
Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536,
USA
Khan, M. A. (1999).
Chemical composition and medicinal properties of Nigella sativa Linn.
Inflammopharmacology 7(1): 15-35. {a} Division of Chemistry, School of Science,
Sheffield Hallam University, Pond Street, Sheffield, S11WB,
UK
Mehta, B. K., N.
Singh, et al. (1999). Anti-implantation activity in Artabotrys odoratissimus
leaf and Nigella sativa seed extracts. Biological Memoirs. June 25(1): 38-39.
{a} School of Studies in Chemistry, Vikram University, Ujjain, 456 010,
India
Mitra, P. K. and G.
Bhowmik (1999). Estimation of mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of
physical and chemical mutagens in Nigella sativa L. Advances in Plant Sciences.
Dec. 12(2): 373-378. {a} Dept. of Botany, North Lakhimpur College, North
Lakhimpur, AS, 787031, India
Mouhajir, F., J. A.
Pedersen, et al. (1999). Antimicrobial thymohydroquinones of Moroccan Nigella
sativa seeds detected by electron spin resonance. Pharmaceutical Biology. Dec.
37(5): 391-395. {a} Botany Department, U.B.C., Vancouver, V6T 1Z4,
Canada
Nagi, M. N., K.
Alam, et al. (1999). Thymoquinone protects against carbon tetrachloride
hepatotoxicity in mice via an antioxidant mechanism. Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology International 47(1): 153-159. {a} Department of Pharmacology, College
of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi
Arabia
Al, G. A. M. A.
(1998). Amino acid composition and biological effects of supplementing broad
bean and corn proteins with Nigella sativa (black cumin) cake protein. Nahrung
42(5): 290-294. {a} Zagazig Univ., Fac. Agric., Biochem. Dep., ET-Zagazig,
Egypt
Badary, O. A., S.
O. A. Al, et al. (1998). Acute and subchronic toxicity of thymoquinone in mice.
Drug Development Research 44(2-3): 56-61. {a} Dep. Pharmacology, Coll.
Pharmacy, King Saud Univ., P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi
Arabia
Daba, M. H. and R.
M. S. Abdel (1998). Hepatoprotective activity of thymoquinone in isolated rat
hepatocytes. Toxicology Letters Shannon 95(1): 23-29. {a} Univ. Med. Dent. New
Jersey, New Jersey Med. Sch., Room I-655, 185 S. Orange Ave., Newark, NJ
07103-2714, USA
El, K. H. H., A. H.
Ahmed, et al. (1998). Antibacterial properties of essential oils from Nigella
sativa seeds, Cymbopogon citratus leaves and Pulicaria undulata aerial parts.
Fitoterapia 69(1): 77-78. {a} Dep. Bot., Fac. Sci., Omdurman Islamic Univ.,
P.O. Box 382, Omdurman, Sudan
El, N., L. Dandik,
et al. (1998). Solvent-free glycerolysis catalyzed by acetone powder of Nigella
sativa seed lipase. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 75(9):
1207-1211. {a} Istanbul Technical Univ., Fac. Chem.-Metallurgy, Chemical Eng.
Dep., 80626 Maslak-Istanbul, Turkey
Rang, S. and A. K.
Datta (1998). A male sterile mutant with desynaptic behaviour of chromosomes in
Nigella sativa L. Journal of Phytological Research 11(2): 91-94. {a} Botany
Department, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741 235,
India
Takruri, H. R. H.
and M. A. F. Dameh (1998). Study of the nutritional value of black cumin seeds
(Nigella sativa L.). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 76(3):
404-410. {a} Dep. Nutr. Food Technol., Fac. Agric., Univ. Jordan, Amman,
Jordan
Worthern, D. R., O.
A. Ghosheh, et al. (1998). The in vitro anti-tumor activity of some crude and
purified components of blackseed, Nigella sativa L. Anticancer Research 18(3a):
1527-1532. {a} Div. Med. Chem. Pharm., Coll. Pharm., University Ky., Rose St.,
Lexington, KY 40536, USA
Youssef, A. A., M.
R. Rady, et al. (1998). Growth and some primary products in callus cultures of
Nigella sativa as influenced by various cultural conditions and salt stress.
Fitoterapia 69(4): 329-336. {a} Hortic. Dep., Natl. Res. Cent., El-Tahrir St.,
P.O. Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Al, O. S. Y., N. M.
Ammar, et al. (1997). Studies of some biochemical, nutritional and
anti-inflammatory effects of Nigella sativa seeds. Egyptian Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences 38(4-6): 451-469. {a} Food Sciences and Nutrition
Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo,
Egypt
El, M. M. M., G. A.
M. Abdel, et al. (1997). Prevention of skin tumors induced by
7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in mice by Black Seed oil. Oncology Reports
4(1): 139-141. {a} Dep. Zool., Fac. Sci., Univ. Alexandria, Alexandria,
Egypt
Hussain, H. and R.
S. Tobji (1997). Antibacterial screening of some Libyan medicinal plants.
Fitoterapia 68(5): 467-470. {a} Chem. Dep., Coll. Sci., Univ. Mu’tah, Mu’tah,
Alkarak, P.O. Box 7, Jordan
Merfort, I., V.
Wray, et al. (1997). Flavonol triglycosides from seeds of Nigella sativa.
Phytochemistry Oxford 46(2): 359-363. {a} Inst. Pharmazeutische Biol.,
Albert-Ludwigs-Univ. Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg,
Germany
Akhtar, A. H., K.
D. Ahmad, et al. (1996). Antiulcer effects of aqueous extracts of Nigella sativa
and Pongamia pinnata in rats. Fitoterapia 67(3): 195-199. {a} P.C.S.I.R.
Laboratories, Peshawar, Pakistan
Aqel, M. and R.
Shaheen (1996). Effects of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds on the
uterine smooth muscle of rat and guinea pig. Journal of Ethnopharmacology
52(1): 23-26. {a} College Med., University Jordan, Amman,
Jordan
Bashandy, S. A. E.
(1996). Effect of Nigella sativa oil on liver and kidney functions of adult and
senile rats. Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 37(1-6): 313-327.
Pharmacol. Dep., Natl. Res. Cent., Cairo,
Egypt
Dandik, L. and H.
A. Aksoy (1996). Applications of Nigella sativa seed lipase in oleochemical
reactions. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 19(4): 277-281. {a} Dep. Chem. Eng.,
Istanbul Technical Univ., Fac. Chem. and Metallurgy, 80626 Maslak, Istanbul,
Turkey
El, S. O. A. and S.
A. Nada (1996). Biological evaluation of multicomponent tea used as
hypoglycemic in rats. Fitoterapia 67(2): 99-102. Dep. Pharmacol., National
Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Abou, B. L. I., M.
S. Rashed, et al. (1995). TLC assay of thymoquinone in Black Seed oil (Nigella
sativa Linn) and identification of dithymoquinone and thymol. Journal of Liquid
Chromatography 18(1): 105-115. {a} Bioanalytical and Drug Dev. Lab., Biol. and
Med. Res. Dep., King Faisal Specialist Hosp. and Res. Centre, P.O. Box 3354,
Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
Aboul, E. H. Y. and
B. L. I. Abou (1995). Simple HPLC method for the determination of thymoquinone
in Black Seed oil (Nigella sativa Linn). Journal of Liquid Chromatography
18(5): 895-902. {a} Bioanal. Drug Dev. Lab., Biol. Med. Res. Dep., King Faisal
Specialist Hosp. Res. Cent., PO Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi
Arabia
Atta, U. R. S. M.,
S. S. Hasan, et al. (1995). Nigellidine: A new indazole alkaloid from the seeds
of Nigella sativa. Tetrahedron Letters 36(12): 1993-1996. {a} H. E. J. Res.
Inst. Chem., Univ. Karachi, Karachi-75270,
Pakistan
Hailat, N., Z.
Bataineh, et al. (1995). Effect of Nigella sativa Volatile Oil on Jurkat T Cell
Leukemia Polypeptides. International Journal of Pharmacognosy 33(1): 16-20. {a}
Clin. Vet. Sci., Fac. Vet. Med., Jordan Univ. Sci. Technol., Irbid,
Jordan
Haq, A., M.
Abdullatif, et al. (1995). Nigella sativa: Effect on human lymphocytes and
polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytic activity. Immunopharmacology 30(2):
147-155. {a} Dep. Biol. Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, P.O. Box
3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
Houghton, P. J., R.
Zarka, et al. (1995). Fixed oil of Nigella sativa and derived thymoquinone
inhibit eicosanoid generation in leukocytes and membrane lipid peroxidation.
Planta Medica 61(1): 33-36. {a} Pharmocognosy Res. Lab., Dep. Pharmacy, King’s
Coll. London, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX,
UK
Keshri, G., M. M.
Singh, et al. (1995). Post-Coital Contraceptive Efficacy Of The Seeds Of
Nigella sativa In Rats. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 39(1):
59-62. {a} Div. Endocrinol., Central Drug Res. Inst., Lucknow 227 001,
India
Mert, S., L.
Dandik, et al. (1995). Production of glycerides from glycerol and fatty acids by
native lipase of Nigella sativa seed. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
50(3): 333-342. {a} Istanbul Tech. Univ., Fac. Chem.-Metallurgy, Chem. Eng.
Dep., 80626 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
Al, H. A., M. Aqel,
et al. (1993). Hypoglycemic effects of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa
seeds. International Journal of Pharmacognosy 31(2): 96-100. {a} Dep. Physiol.,
Fac. Med., Jordan Univ. Sci. and Technol., P.O. Box 3030, Irbid,
Jordan
Aqel, M. B. (1993).
Effects of Nigella sativa seeds on intestinal smooth muscle. International
Journal of Pharmacognosy 31(1): 55-60. Coll. Med., Univ. Jordan, Amman,
Jordan
Barjat, H., P. S.
Belton, et al. (1993). Rapid scan correlation NMR spectroscopy for food
analysis. Food Chemistry 48(3): 307-312. {a} AFRC Inst. Food Res., Norwich
Lab., Norwich Res. Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA,
UK
Bhakare, H. A., A.
S. Kulkarni, et al. (1993). Lipid composition of some seeds of central India.
Journal of Food Science and Technology 30(1): 54-55. {a} Dep. Oil Technology,
Laxminarayan Inst. Technology, Nagpur Univ., Nagpur-440 010,
India
Dandik, L., G.
Arioglu, et al. (1993). The enzymatic hydrolysis of used frying oil by native
lipase. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 42(2-3): 119-126. {a} Istanbul
Technical Univ., Fac. Chem.-Metallurgy, Chem. Eng. Dep., 80626 Maslak,
Istanbul, Turkey
El, T. K. E. H., M.
M. S. Ashour, et al. (1993). The respiratory effects of the volatile oil of the
Black Seed (Nigella sativa) in guinea pigs: Elucidation of the mechanism(s) of
action. General Pharmacology 24(5): 1115-1122. {a} Dep. Pharmacol., College
Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi
Arabia
El, T. K. E. H., M.
M. S. Ashour, et al. (1993). The cardiovascular actions of the volatile oil of
the Black Seed (Nigella sativa) in rats: Elucidation of the mechanism of
action. General Pharmacology 24(5): 1123-1131. {a} Dep. Pharmacol., College
Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi
Arabia
Grover, G. J., S.
Dzwonczyk, et al. (1993). The endothelin-1 receptor antagonist BQ-123 reduces
infarct size in a canine model of coronary occlusion and reperfusion.
Cardiovascular Research 27(9): 1613-1618. {a} Dep. Pharmacol., Bristol-Myers
Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Inst., P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000,
USA
Kasonia, K., M.
Ansay, et al. (1993). Plants used in ethnomedicine for asthma in Kivu (Zaire).
Belgian Journal of Botany 126(1): 20-28. {a} Universite Lubumbashi,
l’Universite Liege, Fac. Medecine Veterinaire, Pharmacologie Toxicologie, B-41
Bld. de Colonster, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liege,
Belgique
Khanna, T., F. A.
Zaidi, et al. (1993). CNS and analgesic studies on Nigella sativa. Fitoterapia
64(5): 407-410. Dep. Pharmacology, Faculty Science, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard
Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
Mohiuddin, S., R.
A. Qureshi, et al. (1993). Laboratory evaluation of some vegetable oils as
protectants of stored products. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial
Research 36(9): 377-379. PCSIR Lab. Complex, Karachi-75280,
Pakistan
Nergiz, C. and S.
Otles (1993). Chemical composition of Nigella sativa L. seeds. Food Chemistry
48(3): 259-261. Food Eng. Dep., Eng. Fac., Ege Univ., 35100 Bornova, Izmir,
Turkey
Ramage, L., A. L.
Blair, et al. (1993). Effect of salmeterol on polymorphonuclear leukocyte
(PMNL) chemiluminescence in vitro. Journal of Bioluminescence and
Chemiluminescence 8(5): 247-252. {a} Dep. Pathol, Univ. Dundee, Ninewells Hosp.
Med. Sch., Dundee, DD1 9SY, Scotland
Watanabe, K., S.
Yano, et al. (1993). Comparative effects of cimetidine and famotidine on the
vagally stimulated acid secretion in the isolated mouse whole stomach. Japanese
Journal of Pharmacology 61(3): 229-236. {a} Lab. Chem. Pharmacol., Dep. Drug
Eval. Toxicol. Sci., Fac. Pharm. Sci., Chiba Univ., 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku,
Chiba 263, Japan
Al, J. M. S.
(1992). Chemical composition and microflora of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.)
seeds growing in Saudi Arabia. Food Chemistry 45(4):
239-242.
Dandik, L. and H.
A. Aksoy (1992). The kinetics of hydrolysis of Nigella sativa (black cumin) seed
oil catalyzed by native lipase in ground seed. Journal of the American Oil
Chemists’ Society 69(12): 1239-1241. {a} Istanbul Technical Univ., Fac.
Chemistry-Metallurgy, Chemical Eng. Dep., 80626 Maslak-Istanbul,
Turkey
Rahman, A. U., S.
Malik, et al. (1992). Nigellimine: A new isoquinoline alkaloid from the seeds
of Nigella sativa. Journal Of Natural Products 55(5):
676-678
Salomi, N. J., S.
C. Nair, et al. (1992). Antitumour principles from Nigella sativa seeds. Cancer
Letters 63(1): 41-46.
Tennekoon, K. H.,
S. Jeevathayaparan, et al. (1992). Evaluation of possible galactagogue activity
of a selected group of Sri Lankan medicinal plants. Journal of the National
Science Council of Sri Lanka 20(1): 33-41. {a} Dep. Physiol., Fac. Med., Univ.
Colombo, Colombo
Vohora, S. B. and
P. C. Dandiya (1992). Herbal analgesic drugs. Fitoterapia 63(3):
195-207.
Akhtar, M. S. and
I. Javed (1991). Efficacy of Nigella sativa Linn. seeds against Moniezia
infection in sheep. Indian Veterinary Journal 68(8):
726-729.
Das, J. L., A. K.
Dutta, et al. (1991). PH dependence of protease (S?) and amylase activity and
amylase isozymes in control and mutant lines of Nigella sativa L. Bangladesh
Journal Of Botany 20(2): 117-124.
Hanafy, M. S. M.
and M. E. Hatem (1991). Studies on the antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa
seed (black cumin). Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 34(2-3):
275-278.
Nair, S. C., M. J.
Salomi, et al. (1991). Modulatory effects of Crocus sativus and Nigella sativa
extracts on cisplatin-induced toxicity in mice. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology
31(1): 75-84.
Tennekoon, K. H.,
S. Jeevathayaparan, et al. (1991). Possible hepatotoxicity of Nigella sativa
seeds and Dregea volubilis leaves. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 31(3):
283-290.
Agarwal, C., A.
Narula, et al. (1990). Effect of seeds of “kalaunji” (Nigella sativa L.) on the
fertility and sialic acid content of the reproductive organs of the male rat.
Geobios 17(5-6): 269-272.
Siddiqui, T. O., H.
A. Kan, et al. (1990). Probable role of trace elements of some medicinal plants
in cardiovascular diseases. Acta Manilana 38:
19-24.
Ustun, G., L. Kent,
et al. (1990). Investigation of the technological properties of Nigella sativa
(black cumin) seed oil. Journal Of The American Oil Chemists’ Society 67(12):
958-960.
Akgul, A. (1989).
Antimicrobial activity of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) essential oil. Gazi
Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi 6(1):
63-68.
Hasan, C. M., M.
Ahsan, et al. (1989). In vitro antibacterial screening of the oils of Nigella
sativa seeds. Bangladesh Journal Of Botany 18(2):
171-174.
Islam, S. K. N., M.
Ahsan, et al. (1989). Antifungal activities of the oils of Nigella sativa
seeds. Pakistan Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2(1):
25-28.
Kumar, B. H. and S.
S. Thakur (1989). Effect of certain non-edible seed oils on growth regulation
in Dysdercus similis (F). Journal Of Animal Morphology And Physiology 36(2):
209-218.
Ansari, A. A., S.
Hassan, et al. (1988). Structural studies on a saponin isolated from Nigella
sativa. Phytochemistry 27(12):
3977-3979.
Siddiqui, M. B., M.
M. Alam, et al. (1988). Ethno-medical study of plants used for terminating
pregnancy. Fitoterapia 59(3): 250-252.
Al, A. F. M. and K.
Gumaa (1987). Studies on the activity of individual plants of an antidiabetic
plant mixture. Acta Diabetologica Latina 24(1):
37-42.
Datta, A. K., J. L.
Das, et al. (1987). Electrophoretic characterization and evaluation of proteins
in control and mutant lines of Nigella sativa L. Cytologia 52(2):
317-322.
Menounos, P., K.
Staphylakis, et al. (1986). The sterols of Nigella sativa seed oil.
Phytochemistry 25(3): 761-763.
Saxena, A. P. and
K. M. Vyas (1986). Antimicrobial activity of seeds of some ethnomedicinal
plants. Journal Of Economic And Taxonomic Botany 8(2):
291-300.
Atta, U. R., S.
Malik, et al. (1985). Nigellimine-N-oxide: A new isoquinoline alkaloid from the
seeds of Nigella sativa. Heterocycles 23(4):
953-956.
Corneanu, G. C., V.
D. Simeanu, et al. (1985). Chorologic, karyologic and anatomical studies on
Nigella genus (family Ranunculaceae) in Romania. Revue Roumaine De Biologie
Serie De Biologie Vegetale 30(2):
89-100.
Datta, A. K. and A.
K. Biswas (1985). Induced mutagenesis in Nigella sativa. Cytologia 50(3):
545-562.
Namba, T., M.
Tsunezuka, et al. (1985). Studies on dental caries prevention by traditional
medicines: Part VII. Screening of ayurvedic medicines for anti-plaque action.
Shoyakugaku Zasshi 39(2): 146-153.
Datta, A. K. and A.
K. Biswas (1984). Cytomixis and a trisomic in Nigella sativa. Cytologia 49(2):
437-446.
Datta, A. K., A. K.
Biswas, et al. (1983). Chromosomal variations in callus tissues of 2 species of
Nigella. Nucleus 26(3): 173-177.
Singh, R. P.
(1983). Search for antifeedants in some botanicals for desert locust,
Schistocerca gregaria. Zeitschrift Fuer Angewandte Entomologie 96(3):
316-319.
Aqel, M. B. The
relaxing effect of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds on vascular smooth
muscle. Dirasat Series B Pure and Applied Sciences 19(2): 91-100. Dep. Anatomy,
Fac. Med., Univ. Jordan,, Amman,
Jordan
Aqel, M. B. The
calcium antagonistic effect of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds.
Dirasat Series B Pure and Applied Sciences 19(1): 119-133. Dep. Anat., Fac.
Med., Anat./Smooth Muscles, Univ. Aiwa,
USA